Computer Scanning Examinations Repairs & Sales ALBERTO I. ATTIA, SOFER STAM 4914 Art Street San Diego, CA 92115 Tel. (619) 583-5564

	Preparing the Parchment The parchment needs to be processed for the sake of the sanctitiy of making a Sefer Torah. The best parchment is finished to a soft white velvety texture. As the wet ink dries, it attaches itself to the parchment as the roots of a tree do to the soil. Parchments written in this manner can last many hundreds of years. Using Beautiful Sofer's Ink The ink needs to be durable, but not indelible. It was originally made from a mixture of soot, gallnut juice, the sap of a tree (gum arabic), and honey or pomegranate juice. Today, most Sofers make ink by boiling crushed gallnuts together with gum arabic and copper sulfate. Carbon is also added at times, allowing the ink to dry to a deep shiny black. The shiny black ink on the white parchment alludes to the Torah being given as "black fire on white fire."
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